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Mammography is an X-ray examination of the breast. Its uses include early detection of breast cancer and investigation of unusual findings. It differs from ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging; these examinations partly address different questions.

Before breast surgery, the investigations needed are determined by age, symptoms, risk factors and previous examinations. Mammography is not necessary for everyone simply because an aesthetic procedure is planned.

The examination team must be told about any existing implants and previous operations. Family history is also considered, but it does not automatically lead to the same examination for everyone. New lumps, skin dimpling or other unusual changes should be assessed regardless of any plans for surgery.